Canadian hepatology needs a strong, united Canada
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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease assessment and management: Clinical practice guidance from the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a leading and increasingly prevalent cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver transplantation in Canada. This Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidance provides pragmatic recommendations for MASLD assessment and management across Canadian health care settings. Guidance statements were developed by a multidisciplinary national steering committee using the best...
Long-term immunogenicity and efficacy of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in women with HIV: a longitudinal cohort study
BACKGROUND: Understanding the impact of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in women with HIV, who have higher rates of HPV infection and associated disease, is vital to achieving cervical cancer elimination. We aimed to assess the immunogenicity and efficacy of the quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccine up to 9 years in a cohort of women with HIV.
Pediatric Outcome imProvement through COordination of Research Networks (POPCORN): Development of Multidisciplinary National Pediatric Research Infrastructure
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Histologic Features and Clinical Outcomes of Lean Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Lean MASLD represents a distinct phenotype with milder histologic disease but similar clinical outcomes compared with overweight/obese MASLD. Fibrosis severity, rather than body composition, was associated with prognosis and LSM was reliable in lean individuals.
The association between chronic pain and non-fatal overdose in people who inject drugs: Longitudinal cohort study in Montreal, Canada, 2017 to 2025
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The prevalence of chronic pain is elevated among people who inject drugs. Chronic pain may motivate drug use, potentially increasing the risk of non-fatal overdose. We aimed to estimate the association between chronic pain and non-fatal overdose in people who inject drugs.
Identifying documented active injection drug use among adults presenting to an urban emergency department with potentially injection-related bacterial infections: development and internal validation of a classification algorithm
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) frequently present to emergency departments (ED) with bacterial infections. Identifying this population in electronic health data is challenging because injection practices are not explicitly coded. Most existing algorithms were developed in inpatient or population-based settings and have not been validated for ED data.
Virus-specific T cells and neutralizing antibodies are independent correlates of long-term protective immunity against hepatitis C virus
Virus-specific T cells and broadly neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are associated with spontaneous clearance of acute primary hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and reinfection. Following spontaneous clearance, HCV-specific memory T cells are long-lived, but NAbs are less durable. How these two arms contribute to long-term protective immunity upon re-exposure is unknown. Herein, we compared the magnitude and breadth of memory HCV-specific T cells and NAbs in a cohort of HCV-spontaneously resolved...
Assessment of pesticide deposition in household dust based on passive Petri dish sampling followed by QuEChERS extraction
Pesticide exposure is a major public health concern worldwide, particularly affecting individuals living near agricultural fields. Household dust can be a significant source of exposure; however, most currently used sampling protocols capture pesticide contamination in dust only at discrete time points and are not always easily scalable to a large number of households. There is therefore a strong need to develop a cost-effective, integrative sampling approach to assess pesticide exposure in...
Substance use-related stigma and injection-related bacterial infections among people who inject drugs in Montreal
INTRODUCTION: Evidence quantifying dimensions of stigma and their health impacts among people who inject drugs (PWID) remains limited. We characterized substance use-related stigma dimensions among PWID and estimated their associations with injection-related bacterial infections (IRBIs).
Measurement of Impulsivity and Its Role in Drug Use Behaviours and Related Health, Harm and Treatment Outcomes Among People Who Use Illicit Drugs-A Scoping Review
Impulsivity is closely implicated in substance use disorders; however, its definition and assessment among people who use illicit drugs (PWUD) are lacking consistency. This scoping review maps the existing evidence on how impulsivity has been defined, measured, and linked to drug use behaviours and consequences. A systematic search of manuscripts (1990-2025) was conducted across multiple databases, identifying 267 eligible studies. Behavioural tasks (76%) were more commonly used to measure...
A Multi-Pathway Approach to Pesticide Exposure in Agricultural Communities: Protocol for an Observational Study
CONCLUSIONS: This study will generate crucial data on pesticide exposure in agricultural communities. Its findings will help identify major determinants of household contamination and key risk factors contributing to residents' pesticide exposure. Ultimately, the EPURA study will support the development of targeted strategies to reduce pesticide-related health risks and inform public health policies.
Deferred cord clamping in very and extremely preterm monochorionic twins: A retrospective cohort study
CONCLUSIONS: Among MCDA twins born at < 32 gestational weeks, DCC did not impact the risk of death and/or severe brain injury compared to ECC but it was associated with decreased need for transfusions.
Barriers to Hepatitis B Treatment: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Registry and Survey Study by the Canadian Hepatitis B Network
CONCLUSION: This nationwide study reveals a significant treatment gap in CHB care, driven by demographic disparities and a mismatch between patient concerns and clinician perceptions.
Claims to crisis: Rethinking opioid overdose in Canada
Overdose in Canada has been constituted as a 'crisis', with unprecedented mortality rates observed over the past decade. The origins of this situation have been located in opioid over-prescribing in the late 2000s, followed by increased diversion of opioids to the illicit market, then, beginning around 2015, a rapid market shift to highly potent synthetic opioids such as fentanyl. The present-day drug supply is characterised as 'toxic'. Despite considerable investment, and occasional brief...
Time-Varying Impact of Steatosis and Alcohol on Mortality: A Marginal Structural Model of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
CONCLUSIONS: SLD phenotypes are dynamic, with substantial transitions between disease subtypes over time. Reliance on static classifications may therefore misclassify risk. Longitudinal, time-varying approaches better capture disease evolution and may improve prognostic assessment and risk stratification.
Combining label-free Raman spectroscopy with machine learning to monitor COVID-19 disease from acute infection to recovery
CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the capability of combined Raman spectroscopy and machine learning modeling to stratify patients at admission, monitor recovery after discharge, and support strategies to potentially reduce the risk of long-COVID.
Reply to "Real-world quality of life and healthcare resource utilization in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis - Circular definition of CVRM comorbidities undermines the validity of core subgroup comparisons"
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Delphi survey to explore core curriculum for training the next generation of hepatologists
CONCLUSIONS: This global consensus offers a priority-stratified outline of core hepatology training content providing a practical foundation for curriculum development and staged implementation across diverse health systems.
Low muscle mass predicts liver-related outcomes in cirrhosis, independent of portal hypertension: A retrospective cohort study
CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that low muscle mass predicts liver-related events and mortality independently of portal hypertension and liver disease severity.