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Perceived patient navigator services and characteristics to address barriers to linkage to hepatitis C care among people released from provincial prison in Quebec, Canada

Par : Nadine Kronfli, Andrea Mambro, Lindsey R Riback, David Ortiz-Paredes, Camille Dussault, Sylvie Chalifoux, Lina Del Balso, Apostolia Petropoulos, Mona Lim, Alexandros Halavrezos, Giada Sebastiani, Marina B Klein, Bertrand Lebouche, Joseph Cox, Matthew J Akiyama
Source : The International journal on drug policy - doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104624

CONCLUSIONS: Interventions that seek to improve linkage to HCV care for people following release from prison should address many levels (individual, interpersonal, and policy) of the SEM. While people experience several competing priorities post-release, having an empathetic and consistent patient navigator, regardless of their lived experiences of HCV and/or incarceration, may improve linkage to HCV care post-release.

A dataset of Solicited Cough Sound for Tuberculosis Triage Testing

Par : Sophie Huddart, Vijay Yadav, Solveig K Sieberts, Larson Omberg, Mihaja Raberahona, Rivo Rakotoarivelo, Issa N Lyimo, Omar Lweno, Devasahayam J Christopher, Nguyen Viet Nhung, Grant Theron, William Worodria, Charles Y Yu, Christine M Bachman, Stephen Burkot, Puneet Dewan, Sourabh Kulhare, Peter M Small, Adithya Cattamanchi, Devan Jaganath, Simon Grandjean Lapierre
Source : Scientific data - doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03972-z

Cough is a common and commonly ignored symptom of lung disease. Cough is often perceived as difficult to quantify, frequently self-limiting, and non-specific. However, cough has a central role in the clinical detection of many lung diseases including tuberculosis (TB), which remains the leading infectious disease killer worldwide. TB screening currently relies on self-reported cough which fails to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) accuracy targets for a TB triage test. Artificial...

Changes in hepatic steatosis before and after direct acting antiviral treatment in people living with HIV and Hepatitis C coinfection

Par : Esther Truscello, Shouao Wang, Jim Young, Giada Sebastiani, Sharon L Walmsley, Mark Hull, Curtis Cooper, Marina B Klein
Source : The Journal of infectious diseases - doi:10.1093/infdis/jiae487

CONCLUSIONS: When assessed by CAP, HS was unaffected by DAA treatment and steadily increased over time. In contrast, HSI did not appear to reflect changes in HS, with the decrease during treatment likely related to resolution of hepatic inflammation. Ongoing HS may pose a risk for liver disease in coinfected people cured of HCV.

Increased risk of hospitalization among children who were HIV-exposed and uninfected compared to population controls

Par : Jeanne Brochon, Thierry Ducruet, Suzanne Taillefer, Valérie Lamarre, Christian Renaud, Marie-Elaine Metras, Christos Karatzios, Joseph H Puyat, Joel Singer, Silvie Valois, Hugo Soudeyns, Isabelle Boucoiran, Fatima Kakkar
Source : AIDS (London, England) - doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000004025

CONCLUSIONS: CHEU had a higher rate of hospitalization than CHUU controls across their lifespan. Significant risk factors included SGA and detectable maternal dVL, suggesting a need enhanced pediatric care for these children.

Dual blockade of IL-10 and PD-1 leads to control of SIV viral rebound following analytical treatment interruption

Par : Susan Pereira Ribeiro, Zachary Strongin, Hugo Soudeyns, Felipe Ten-Caten, Khader Ghneim, Gabriela Pacheco Sanchez, Giuliana Xavier de Medeiros, Perla Mariana Del Rio Estrada, Adam-Nicolas Pelletier, Timothy Hoang, Kevin Nguyen, Justin Harper, Sherrie Jean, Chelsea Wallace, Robert Balderas, Jeffrey D Lifson, Gopalan Raghunathan, Eric Rimmer, Cinthia Pastuskova, Guoxin Wu, Luca Micci, Ruy M Ribeiro, Chi Ngai Chan, Jacob D Estes, Guido Silvestri, Daniel M Gorman, Bonnie J Howell, Daria J Hazuda, Mirko Paiardini, Rafick P Sekaly
Source : Nature immunology - doi:10.1038/s41590-024-01952-4

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persistence during antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with heightened plasma interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels and PD-1 expression. We hypothesized that IL-10 and PD-1 blockade would lead to control of viral rebound following analytical treatment interruption (ATI). Twenty-eight ART-treated, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)mac(239)-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) were treated with anti-IL-10, anti-IL-10 plus anti-PD-1 (combo) or vehicle. ART was...

Phylogenetic Network Analyses Reveal the Influence of Transmission Clustering on the Spread of HIV Drug Resistance in Quebec from 2002 to 2022

Par : Bluma G Brenner, Ruxandra-Ilinca Ibanescu, Maureen Oliveira, Guillaume Margaillan, Bertrand Lebouché, Réjean Thomas, Jean Guy Baril, René-Pierre Lorgeoux, Michel Roger, Jean-Pierre Routy, None The Montreal Primary Hiv Infection Phi Cohort Study Group
Source : Viruses - doi:10.3390/v16081230

CONCLUSION: Phylogenetics emphasize the need to prioritize ART and pre-exposure prophylaxis strategies to avert the expansion of transmission cascades of HIV-DR.

Genomic Epidemiology of Mycobacterium abscessus on the Island of Montreal Not Suggestive of Healthcare-associated Person-to-Person Transmission

Par : Idowu B Olawoye, Nicholas Waglechner, Fiona McIntosh, Pierre-Marie Akochy, Nancy Cloutier, Simon Grandjean Lapierre, Bouchra Tannir, Christina Greenaway, Elias Matouk, Louise Poirier, Roger C Levesque, Brian Boyle, Caroline Quach, Hafid Soualhine, Jane Batt, Marcel A Behr, Robyn S Lee, Jennifer L Guthrie
Source : The Journal of infectious diseases - doi:10.1093/infdis/jiae407

CONCLUSIONS: Genomics alone is insufficient to establish MABC transmission, particularly considering the genetic similarity and wide distribution of DCCs, although pan-genome analysis has the potential to add further insight. Our findings indicate that MABC infections in Montréal are unlikely attributable to healthcare-associated person-to-person transmission.

Altered memory CCR6+ Th17-polarised T-cell function and biology in people with HIV under successful antiretroviral therapy and HIV elite controllers

Par : Alexis Yero, Jean-Philippe Goulet, Tao Shi, Cecilia T Costiniuk, Jean-Pierre Routy, Cecile Tremblay, Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa, Yulia Alexandrova, Amélie Pagliuzza, Nicolas Chomont, Petronela Ancuta, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
Source : EBioMedicine - doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105274

BACKGROUND: Despite successful antiretroviral therapy (ART), frequencies and immunological functions of memory CCR6^(+) Th17-polarised CD4^(+) T-cells are not fully restored in people with HIV (PWH). Moreover, long-lived Th17 cells contribute to HIV persistence under ART. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these observations remain understudied.

Plasma endocannabinoidome and fecal microbiota interplay in people with HIV and subclinical coronary artery disease: Results from the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study

Par : Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa, Giada Giorgini, Cristoforo Silvestri, Chanté Muller, Nayudu Nallabelli, Yulia Alexandrova, Madeleine Durand, Cécile Tremblay, Mohamed El-Far, Carl Chartrand-Lefebvre, Marc Messier-Peet, Shari Margolese, Nicolas Flamand, Cecilia T Costiniuk, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
Source : iScience - doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110456

Chronic HIV infection is associated with accelerated coronary artery disease (CAD) due to chronic inflammation. The expanded endocannabinoid system (eCBome) and gut microbiota modulate each other and are key regulators of cardiovascular functions and inflammation. We herein investigated the interplay between plasma eCBome mediators and gut microbiota in people with HIV (PWH) and/or subclinical CAD versus HIV-uninfected individuals. CAD was determined by coronary computed tomography (CT)...

Between-Visit Reproducibility of Shear Wave Viscoelastography in Volunteers and Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Par : Ladan Yazdani, Sathiyamoorthy Selladurai, Iman Rafati, Manish Bhatt, Emmanuel Montagnon, Boris Chayer, Damien Olivié, Jeanne-Marie Giard, Giada Sebastiani, Bich N Nguyen, Guy Cloutier, An Tang
Source : Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine - doi:10.1002/jum.16538

CONCLUSION: US-determined viscoelastography parameters can be measured with high reproducibility and consistency between two visits 2 weeks apart on the same ultrasound machine.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis exhibits sex differences in people with HIV

Par : Dana Kablawi, Jovana Milic, Tyler Thomas, Thierry Fotsing Tadjo, Felice Cinque, Wesal Elgretli, Claudia Gioè, Bertrand Lebouché, Emmanuel Tsochatzis, Jemima Finkel, Sanjay Bhagani, Antonio Cascio, Giovanni Guaraldi, Giovanni Mazzola, Sahar Saeed, Giada Sebastiani
Source : HIV medicine - doi:10.1111/hiv.13697

CONCLUSION: Despite women with HIV having a lower prevalence of MASH with fibrosis than men, they exhibit an acceleration in FAST score increase around the perimenopausal age. Future studies should target adequate consideration of sex differences in clinical investigation of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease to fill current gaps and implement precision medicine for people with HIV.

Feasibility of a Randomized, Interventional Pilot Clinical Study of Oral Cannabinoids in People with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: CTNPT 028

Par : Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa, Judy Needham, Dana Nohynek, Suzanne Samarani, Florian Bobeuf, Lina Del Balso, Natalie Paisible, Claude Vertzagias, Giada Sebastiani, Shari Margolese, Enrico Mandarino, Joel Singer, Marina Klein, Bertrand Lebouché, Joseph Cox, Branka Vulesevic, Alison Müller, Elisa Lau, Jean-Pierre Routy, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian, Cecilia T Costiniuk
Source : Journal of personalized medicine - doi:10.3390/jpm14070745

Cannabis-based medicines (CBMs) could help reduce systemic inflammation in people with HIV (PWH). In a prospective, randomized pilot study we enrolled participants from August 2021-April 2022 with HIV, aged ≥18 and on antiretroviral therapy and randomly assigned them to cannabidiol (CBD) ± Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) capsules for 12 weeks with the primary objective being to assess safety and tolerability. Here we report on timeliness to study initiation, enrolment, compliance and retention...

Incidence of cough from acute exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Madagascar: A pilot study

Par : Alexandra J Zimmer, Lai Yu Tsang, Gisèle Jolicoeur, Bouchra Tannir, Emmanuelle Batisse, Christine Pando, Gouri Sadananda, Jesse McKinney, Ideal Vincent Ambinintsoa, Roger Mario Rabetombosoa, Astrid M Knoblauch, Niaina Rakotosamimanana, Ryan Chartier, Alina Diachenko, Peter Small, Simon Grandjean Lapierre
Source : PLOS global public health - doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0003530

Prolonged exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a known risk to respiratory health, causing chronic lung impairment. Yet, the immediate, acute effects of PM2.5 exposure on respiratory symptoms, such as cough, are less understood. This pilot study aims to investigate this relationship using objective PM2.5 and cough monitors. Fifteen participants from rural Madagascar were followed for three days, equipped with an RTI Enhanced Children's MicroPEM PM2.5 sensor and a smartphone with the...

Material deprivation is associated with liver stiffness and liver-related outcomes in people with HIV

Par : Clara Long, Felice Cinque, Dana Kablawi, Dong Hyun Danny Kim, Thierry Fotsing Tadjo, Wesal Elgretli, Luz Ramos Ballesteros, Amanda Lupu, Michael Nudo, Bertrand Lebouché, Nadine Kronfli, Joseph Cox, Cecilia T Costiniuk, Alexandra De Pokomandy, Jean-Pierre Routy, Marina B Klein, Frederic Lamonde, Ramanakumar V Agnihotram, Sahar Saeed, Giada Sebastiani
Source : Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver - doi:10.1111/liv.16022

CONCLUSIONS: Living in materially deprived neighbourhoods as a proxy for lower SES, is associated with LSM and liver-related events in PWH. Future strategies should explore mechanisms underlying these relationships and whether enhanced material security improves hepatic outcomes.

A dimensional analysis of experienced intensive care unit nurses' clinical decision-making for bleeding after cardiac surgery

Par : Patrick Lavoie, Caroline Arbour, Amélie Blanchet Garneau, José Côté, Maude Crétaz, André Denault, Émilie Gosselin, Alexandra Lapierre, Tanya Mailhot, Virginie Tessier
Source : Nursing in critical care - doi:10.1111/nicc.13116

CONCLUSIONS: Nurses' decision-making was shaped by their personal attributes, the patient's condition and contextual circumstances, underscoring their expertise and pivotal role in anticipating actions and adapting to diverse conditions. The concept of actionability emerged as the central dimension explaining their decision-making, defined as the capability to implement actions towards specific goals within the possibilities and constraints of a situation.

Evaluation of ChatGPT as a Counselling Tool for Italian-Speaking MASLD Patients: Assessment of Accuracy, Completeness and Comprehensibility

Par : Nicola Pugliese, Davide Polverini, Rosa Lombardi, Grazia Pennisi, Federico Ravaioli, Angelo Armandi, Elena Buzzetti, Andrea Dalbeni, Antonio Liguori, Alessandro Mantovani, Rosanna Villani, Ivan Gardini, Cesare Hassan, Luca Valenti, Luca Miele, Salvatore Petta, Giada Sebastiani, Alessio Aghemo, None Nafld Expert Chatbot Working Group
Source : Journal of personalized medicine - doi:10.3390/jpm14060568

CONCLUSION: Language does not appear to affect ChatGPT's ability to provide comprehensible and complete counseling to MASLD patients, but accuracy remains suboptimal in certain domains.

Prehabilitation in patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation: protocol of a feasibility study

Par : Amine Benmassaoud, Chelsia Gillis, Olivia Geraci, Myriam Martel, Rashami Awasthi, Jeffrey Barkun, Tianyan Chen, Linda Edgar, Giada Sebastiani, Francesco Carli, Amal Bessissow
Source : BMJ open - doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081362

INTRODUCTION: Patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation (LT) are often frail, and malnourished. The period of time on the waitlist provides an opportunity to improve their physical fitness. Prehabilitation appears to improve the physical fitness of patients before major surgery. Little is known about prehabilitation in patients with cirrhosis. The aim of this feasibility study will be to investigate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of a multimodal prehabilitation programme...

Patient-reported outcomes and experiences of migrants enrolled in a multidisciplinary HIV clinic with rapid, free, and onsite treatment dispensation: the 'ASAP' study

Par : Anish K Arora, Serge Vicente, Kim Engler, David Lessard, Edmundo Huerta, Joel Ishak, Nadine Kronfli, Jean-Pierre Routy, Joseph Cox, Benoit Lemire, Marina Klein, Alexandra de Pokomandy, Lina Del Balso, Giada Sebastiani, Isabelle Vedel, Amélie Quesnel-Vallée, Bertrand Lebouché, ASAP Migrant Advisory Committee
Source : AIDS research and therapy - doi:10.1186/s12981-024-00632-5

CONCLUSION: Overall, participants expressed positive experiences around treatment and care, alongside comparably lower perceptions of social support, internalized stigma, and distress, potentially underscoring a need to embed targeted, well-funded, and accessible mental health support within HIV care models.

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