BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The prevalence of chronic pain is elevated among people who inject drugs. Chronic pain may motivate drug use, potentially increasing the risk of non-fatal overdose. We aimed to estimate the association between chronic pain and non-fatal overdose in people who inject drugs.
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) frequently present to emergency departments (ED) with bacterial infections. Identifying this population in electronic health data is challenging because injection practices are not explicitly coded. Most existing algorithms were developed in inpatient or population-based settings and have not been validated for ED data.
Virus-specific T cells and broadly neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are associated with spontaneous clearance of acute primary hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and reinfection. Following spontaneous clearance, HCV-specific memory T cells are long-lived, but NAbs are less durable. How these two arms contribute to long-term protective immunity upon re-exposure is unknown. Herein, we compared the magnitude and breadth of memory HCV-specific T cells and NAbs in a cohort of HCV-spontaneously resolved...
Pesticide exposure is a major public health concern worldwide, particularly affecting individuals living near agricultural fields. Household dust can be a significant source of exposure; however, most currently used sampling protocols capture pesticide contamination in dust only at discrete time points and are not always easily scalable to a large number of households. There is therefore a strong need to develop a cost-effective, integrative sampling approach to assess pesticide exposure in...
INTRODUCTION: Evidence quantifying dimensions of stigma and their health impacts among people who inject drugs (PWID) remains limited. We characterized substance use-related stigma dimensions among PWID and estimated their associations with injection-related bacterial infections (IRBIs).
Impulsivity is closely implicated in substance use disorders; however, its definition and assessment among people who use illicit drugs (PWUD) are lacking consistency. This scoping review maps the existing evidence on how impulsivity has been defined, measured, and linked to drug use behaviours and consequences. A systematic search of manuscripts (1990-2025) was conducted across multiple databases, identifying 267 eligible studies. Behavioural tasks (76%) were more commonly used to measure...
CONCLUSIONS: This study will generate crucial data on pesticide exposure in agricultural communities. Its findings will help identify major determinants of household contamination and key risk factors contributing to residents' pesticide exposure. Ultimately, the EPURA study will support the development of targeted strategies to reduce pesticide-related health risks and inform public health policies.
CONCLUSIONS: Among MCDA twins born at < 32 gestational weeks, DCC did not impact the risk of death and/or severe brain injury compared to ECC but it was associated with decreased need for transfusions.
CONCLUSION: This nationwide study reveals a significant treatment gap in CHB care, driven by demographic disparities and a mismatch between patient concerns and clinician perceptions.
Overdose in Canada has been constituted as a 'crisis', with unprecedented mortality rates observed over the past decade. The origins of this situation have been located in opioid over-prescribing in the late 2000s, followed by increased diversion of opioids to the illicit market, then, beginning around 2015, a rapid market shift to highly potent synthetic opioids such as fentanyl. The present-day drug supply is characterised as 'toxic'. Despite considerable investment, and occasional brief...
CONCLUSIONS: SLD phenotypes are dynamic, with substantial transitions between disease subtypes over time. Reliance on static classifications may therefore misclassify risk. Longitudinal, time-varying approaches better capture disease evolution and may improve prognostic assessment and risk stratification.
CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the capability of combined Raman spectroscopy and machine learning modeling to stratify patients at admission, monitor recovery after discharge, and support strategies to potentially reduce the risk of long-COVID.
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CONCLUSIONS: This global consensus offers a priority-stratified outline of core hepatology training content providing a practical foundation for curriculum development and staged implementation across diverse health systems.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that low muscle mass predicts liver-related events and mortality independently of portal hypertension and liver disease severity.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the overall diagnostic impact of BTS and FTS was high. Both the diagnostic and treatment impact of those assays can be increased if prescribed in well-selected clinical syndromes and performed on well-selected clinical samples.
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication to undetectable levels but does not eliminate HIV-1 reservoirs, which persist in memory CD4^(+) T-cells of various antigenic specificities. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection is associated with an increase in HIV-DNA burden, but whether HCV-specific CD4^(+) T-cells are susceptible to HIV-1 infection and harbour replication-competent HIV reservoirs upon HCV resolution is unknown.
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CONCLUSION: Validation of cough monitoring systems remains highly heterogeneous, with no standardized framework for reference measures or outcome metrics. Manual annotation is the most commonly used reference standard, although annotation methods and cough event definitions vary across studies. Standardization of validation protocols, development of shared datasets, and incorporation of real-world testing are needed to support clinical translation of cough monitoring technologies.
CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid SMI and OUD significantly reduces OAT retention during early episodes of treatment and is associated with increased mortality risk. There is no differential treatment effect on mortality among those with and without SMI. Interventions to identify, support, and engage individuals with SMI in OAT are needed early after commencing treatment.